![]() Antibody testing may be useful to support the diagnosis of COVID-19 illness or complications of COVID-19 in the following situations: During this interval, the sensitivity of detecting infection using NAAT or antigen detection testing decreases and the sensitivity of serologic testing increases. Persons suspected of having COVID-19 who test positive by direct viral detection methods for SARS-CoV-2 (e.g., NAAT or antigen detection tests) typically begin to develop measurable antibody 7–14 days after illness onset, and by 3 weeks most persons will test positive for antibody. The clinical applicability of semi-quantitative tests has not been established. Although the surrogate neutralization test exhibits correlation to a plaque reduction neutralization test, the clinical or public health applicability has not been established. Plaque reduction neutralization assays are considered the gold standard for detection of neutralizing antibodies, but require cells, infectious virus, and are difficult to standardize.
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